Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Eyelid
Overview
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the eyelid is the most common malignant eyelid tumor, especially in fair-skinned older adults. It arises from the basal cells of the epidermis and most frequently affects the lower eyelid.
Symptoms
- Pearly or waxy eyelid nodule
- Ulceration or crusting of the eyelid margin
- Lash loss in the affected area
- Non-healing sore or bleeding lesion
- Eyelid thickening or distortion
Causes & Risk Factors
- Chronic UV exposure (sunlight)
- Fair skin, light eye color
- Age >60
- History of skin cancer
- Immunosuppression
Diagnosis
- Clinical examination with slit-lamp
- Eyelid biopsy (incisional or excisional)
- Imaging (MRI or CT) if deep invasion suspected
Treatment Options
- Surgical excision with margin control (Mohs surgery preferred)
- Radiation therapy (alternative for inoperable cases)
- Topical therapies (rare, for superficial lesions only)
- Reconstructive surgery to preserve function and appearance
Prognosis
- Excellent with early diagnosis and complete excision
- Recurrence rate <5% with Mohs surgery
- Rarely metastasizes but can cause local tissue destruction
Living with this Cancer Type
- Post-surgical cosmetic and functional care
- UV protection to prevent recurrence or new lesions
- Long-term dermatological and ophthalmologic follow-up
Prevention & Screening
- Regular skin and eye exams for high-risk individuals
- Daily use of UV-blocking sunglasses and sunscreen
- Early biopsy of suspicious eyelid lesions
FAQs
Q: Is eyelid BCC life-threatening?
A：Rarely. It grows slowly and is usually curable with surgery.
Q: Will I lose my eyelid or eye?
A：No, if diagnosed early and properly managed.
Q: Can it come back?
A：Yes, but recurrence is low with appropriate treatment.
Resources
- American Academy of Dermatology (AAD)
- American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO)
- ClinicalTrials.gov
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