癌症诊断检测
探索当今可用于癌症诊断的全面检测方式，包括传统影像检查以及前沿分子与基因检测技术。
了解癌症诊断检测
及早且准确的诊断对于癌症治疗至关重要。如今，癌症诊断方式已十分多样化，从传统影像检查与活检，到先进的分子检测与基因检测，均在临床中发挥重要作用。
在 Cancer A-Z，我们相信精准医疗的价值。通过结合传统诊断方法与先进基因检测，可以更全面地了解癌症特征，从而帮助制定更加个性化的治疗决策。
早期发现
许多检测旨在帮助癌症于最早、最容易干预的阶段被发现。
精准医疗
先进基因检测能够识别特定基因突变与生物标志物，为治疗决策提供参考。
治疗监测
部分检测可用于观察治疗效果，并帮助尽早发现复发迹象。
为什么综合检测如此重要
没有任何一种单独检测能够提供所有治疗决策所需的信息。通过结合不同类型的检测，医生能够更全面地了解癌症情况。
- 传统检测可帮助确认肿瘤的位置与大小
- 先进基因检测可揭示推动癌症发展的特定基因突变
- 液体活检可实现非侵入性、实时性的癌症进展监测
- 综合检测结果有助于制定更加个性化且有效的治疗方案
咨询癌症检测专家
传统诊断检测
这些检测广泛用于癌症的发现、诊断及分期，可为医生提供有关肿瘤位置、大小及形态的重要信息。
影像检查
X-rays
Use low-dose radiation to create images of the inside of the body.
- Quick and painless
- Used to detect tumors in bones and chest
- Often the first test performed
Computed Tomography (CT) Scan
Takes detailed cross-sectional images of the body using X-rays and computer processing.
- Provides more detailed images than X-rays
- Used to detect, locate, and stage cancer
- May use contrast dye to enhance images
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Uses powerful magnets and radio waves to produce detailed images of organs and tissues.
- Does not use ionizing radiation
- Provides detailed images of soft tissues
- Used for brain, spinal cord, and pelvic cancers
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan
Detects areas of increased metabolic activity, which can indicate cancer cells.
- Can detect cancer cells throughout the body
- Often combined with CT scan for more precise location
- Helps determine if cancer has spread
Ultrasound
Uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of internal organs and tissues.
- Non-invasive and does not use radiation
- Used to evaluate tumors in the abdomen, pelvis, and breast
- Can guide biopsies
检查项目
Biopsy
Removes a sample of tissue for examination under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present.
- Provides a definitive diagnosis
- Different types: needle, surgical, endoscopic
- Can also determine the type and grade of cancer
Endoscopy
Uses a thin, flexible tube with a light and camera to examine the inside of organs and cavities.
- Allows direct visualization of tissues
- Can take biopsies during the procedure
- Used for esophagus, stomach, colon, and lungs
Bronchoscopy
A type of endoscopy that examines the lungs and airways using a bronchoscope.
- Diagnoses lung cancers and other lung diseases
- Can collect tissue or fluid samples
- May be used to place stents in blocked airways
Colonoscopy
Examines the entire colon and rectum using a long, flexible tube with a camera.
- Detects polyps and colorectal cancer
- Can remove polyps during the procedure
- Recommended for routine screening starting at age 45
先进分子与基因检测
这些前沿检测技术可分析癌细胞中的遗传物质与蛋白质，从而提供有关驱动癌症发展的特定基因突变的详细信息。
基因检测
Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS)
Sequences multiple genes simultaneously to identify genetic mutations and alterations in cancer cells.
- Identifies mutations in hundreds of genes
- Guides targeted therapy and immunotherapy decisions
- Can identify rare or novel mutations
Liquid Biopsy
Analyzes genetic material (DNA or RNA) released by cancer cells into the bloodstream.
- Non-invasive alternative to tissue biopsy
- Allows for real-time monitoring of cancer progression
- Detects minimal residual disease and recurrence
Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA)
A type of liquid biopsy that specifically analyzes DNA fragments shed by tumor cells into the bloodstream.
- Detects genetic mutations in tumors
- Monitors treatment response and resistance
- Early detection of recurrence
Circulating Tumor Cells (CTC)
Detects and analyzes intact cancer cells that have broken away from the primary tumor and are circulating in the bloodstream.
- Provides information about tumor biology
- Predicts prognosis and treatment response
- Monitors metastatic progression
Molecular Profiling
Analyzes the proteins, genes, and other molecules in cancer cells to identify specific targets for treatment.
- Identifies actionable targets for therapy
- Matches patients to clinical trials
- Personalizes treatment plans
癌症检测方式对比
| Test Type | Invasiveness | Genetic Information | Real-Time Monitoring | Cost | Time to Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conventional Biopsy | High (surgical or needle) | Limited (single-site sampling) | No | Moderate to High | Days to Weeks |
| CT Scan | Non-invasive | None | No | Moderate | Hours to Days |
| MRI | Non-invasive | None | No | High | Hours to Days |
| PET Scan | Non-invasive | None | No | High | Hours to Days |
| Liquid Biopsy (ctDNA) | Minimal (blood draw) | Comprehensive (genetic profile) | Yes | High | Days to Weeks |
| Circulating Tumor Cells (CTC) | Minimal (blood draw) | Comprehensive (intact cells) | Yes | High | Days to Weeks |
| Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) | Varies (tissue or liquid biopsy) | Extensive (multi-gene analysis) | Limited | Very High | Weeks |
为什么选择液体活检与 CTC 检测？
液体活检与 CTC 检测相比传统检测方式具有明显优势，包括无创性、实时监测能力，以及能够检测整个肿瘤异质性中的基因变化。这些检测尤其适用于以下情况：
治疗指导
识别可针对性的基因突变，从而帮助匹配特定治疗方案，提高治疗效果。
早期发现
比影像检查更早发现微小残留病灶与复发迹象，为及时干预提供机会。
治疗监测
实时追踪治疗反应并检测耐药相关突变，以便及时调整治疗策略。
寻找您附近的癌症检测专家
我们的认证医生网络专注于先进癌症检测与精准医疗，帮助您了解检测流程，并制定个性化治疗方案。
认证专科专家
所有医生均具备癌症诊断与精准医疗领域的专业经验。
全面检测选择
可接触最新的传统及先进癌症检测方式。
个性化护理方案
根据您的具体基因特征提供针对性的治疗建议。
Dr. Sarah Khong
Director of Physician Development & Network Engagement, RGCC SEA
“Advanced testing has transformed how we treat cancer. By understanding the genetic makeup of each patient’s tumor, we can provide truly personalized care.”
Speak to a cancer testing expert
常见问题
关于癌症检测的常见问题
传统癌症检测与先进癌症检测有什么区别？
传统检测（如影像检查和活检）主要提供有关肿瘤位置、大小及形态的信息。而先进检测（如基因检测与分子检测）则会分析癌细胞中的 DNA、RNA 及蛋白质，以识别特定基因突变和生物标志物，从而帮助指导治疗决策。
液体活检是如何运作的？它与传统活检有什么不同？
液体活检通过分析肿瘤释放到血液中的遗传物质（DNA 或 RNA）或完整循环肿瘤细胞进行检测。与需要获取肿瘤组织样本的传统活检不同，液体活检属于微创检测，通常仅需抽血即可完成。它能够更全面地反映肿瘤的基因特征，包括部分组织活检可能遗漏的基因突变信息。
哪些人适合考虑进行先进基因检测？
以下癌症患者通常建议考虑先进基因检测：
- 已发展为晚期或转移性癌症
- 对标准治疗反应不理想
- 正在考虑靶向治疗或免疫治疗
- 有癌症家族病史
- 希望参与临床试验
您的医生可以根据您的具体情况，判断是否适合进行基因检测。
先进癌症检测通常需要多久才能出结果？
检测结果所需时间会因检测类型而有所不同。传统检测（如影像检查与活检）通常需要数天至数周。先进基因检测（如下一代测序 NGS）一般需要两至四周。液体活检结果则可能在一至两周内完成。您的医疗团队会与您说明预计时间。
先进癌症检测费用是多少？保险是否可以覆盖？
先进癌症检测的费用会因检测类型、分析基因数量及地区不同而有所差异。有些检测费用可能达到数千美元。目前，许多保险计划已开始覆盖部分癌症相关基因检测，尤其是在医疗专业人员建议下进行的检测。建议您提前向保险公司确认保障范围以及可能需要自行承担的费用。
癌症检测能够检测所有类型的癌症吗？
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