L – Cancer A-Z

Lymphoma (Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin)

Lymphoma is a cancer of the lymphatic system, part of the immune system. It begins in lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell. There are two main types:

Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL): Characterized by Reed-Sternberg cells
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL): A diverse group that includes B-cell and T-cell lymphomas
HL tends to be more predictable and curable, while NHL varies widely in behavior.

Leukemia (ALL, AML, CLL, CML)

Leukemia is a group of blood cancers that originate in the bone marrow and involve the overproduction of abnormal white blood cells. It is classified by speed of progression (acute vs chronic) and cell type (lymphoid vs myeloid):

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL): Rapid progression, common in children
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML): Rapid progression, more common in adults
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL): Slow-growing, affects older adults
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML): Slow-progressing, characterized by the Philadelphia chromosome

Lung Cancer (Non-Small Cell, Small Cell)

Lung cancer originates in the lungs and is one of the most common and deadly cancers worldwide. It is divided into two main types:

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): ~85% of cases; includes adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma.
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC): ~15% of cases; more aggressive and fast-spreading.

Laryngeal Cancer

Laryngeal cancer is a malignancy that arises in the larynx (voice box), located in the throat. The most common type is squamous cell carcinoma, affecting the cells lining the larynx. It is strongly associated with smoking and heavy alcohol use.
The larynx is divided into three parts:
• Supraglottis (above the vocal cords)
• Glottis (the vocal cords)
• Subglottis (below the vocal cords)

Liver Cancer (Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Cholangiocarcinoma)

Liver cancer is a type of malignancy that begins in the cells of the liver. The two main primary liver cancers are:

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) – the most common type, usually arises in the setting of chronic liver disease
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer) – develops in the bile ducts within the liver

Cancer Types A-Z

Lymphoma (Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin)

Leukemia (ALL, AML, CLL, CML)

Lung Cancer (Non-Small Cell, Small Cell)

Laryngeal Cancer

Liver Cancer (Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Cholangiocarcinoma)

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