Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Eyelid
Overview
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the eyelid is the second most common eyelid malignancy after basal cell carcinoma. It originates from the squamous epithelial cells and is more aggressive, with a higher potential for local invasion and metastasis.
Symptoms
- Scaly or crusted lesion on the eyelid
- Persistent ulcer or sore
- Bleeding or non-healing lesion
- Loss of eyelashes
- Thickening or distortion of the eyelid margin
Causes & Risk Factors
- Prolonged UV exposure
- Older age
- Fair skin and light eye color
- Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection
- Chronic inflammation or scarring
- Immunosuppression
Diagnosis
- Clinical examination and slit-lamp evaluation
- Eyelid biopsy for histological confirmation
- Imaging (CT or MRI) to assess deeper invasion
- Regional lymph node evaluation
Treatment Options
- Surgical excision with wide margins (Mohs micrographic surgery preferred)
- Radiation therapy for inoperable cases or adjunctive treatment
- Topical chemotherapy (rarely used, only in select cases)
- Lymph node dissection if metastasis is detected
- Reconstructive surgery to restore function and appearance
Prognosis
- Early-stage disease has good outcomes with complete excision
- Higher recurrence and metastasis risk than basal cell carcinoma
- Regular long-term follow-up is essential
Living with this Cancer Type
- Cosmetic and functional recovery post-surgery
- Supportive care for vision and eyelid mobility
- Emotional support for coping with facial changes
- Skin cancer prevention strategies moving forward
Prevention & Screening
- Minimize UV exposure (sunglasses, hats, sunscreen)
- Regular skin and eye checkups
- Early biopsy of suspicious or non-healing lesions
FAQs
Q: Is eyelid SCC dangerous?
A：Yes, it is more aggressive than BCC and may spread if untreated.
Q: Will I lose my eyelid or vision?
A：Not necessarily, especially with early diagnosis and surgery.
Q: Can it come back?
A：Yes, recurrence is possible, requiring long-term monitoring.
Resources
- American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO)
- Skin Cancer Foundation
- ClinicalTrials.gov
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